Nine leaders of the Transylvanian peasant revolt are executed at Torda.
The Transylvanian Peasant Revolt of 1437–1438 was a major uprising against feudal oppression in the Kingdom of Hungary, particularly in the region of Transylvania. The revolt was primarily led by Antal Nagy de Buda and was fueled by widespread discontent among peasants, who suffered from excessive taxation, feudal duties, and economic hardships imposed by the ruling nobility and the Catholic Church. Initially, the movement saw some success, with the rebels forming a peasant alliance and briefly forcing concessions from the nobility. However, the Hungarian feudal lords, in collaboration with the Saxon burghers and Szekler elites, responded by creating the Union of the Three Nations, a political alliance that effectively suppressed the revolt. After months of resistance, the peasant forces were ultimately crushed, with brutal reprisals that included mass executions and harsh retributions. The revolt highlighted the deep social and economic inequalities in medieval Transylvania and reinforced the dominance of the nobility, leading to an even more rigid feudal structure that would persist for centuries.