In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc.

Joan of Arc, born in 1412 in Domrémy, France, claimed to have received visions from saints instructing her to support Charles VII and help drive the English out of France during the Hundred Years’ War. Her role in the Siege of Orléans and her influence on the subsequent coronation of Charles VII were pivotal moments in French history. However, she was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried for heresy, and burned at the stake in 1431.

Rehabilitation Trial (1456): Twenty-five years after her execution, a trial of rehabilitation, initiated by the Catholic Church and supported by Charles VII, overturned her conviction. This trial portrayed Joan as a martyr who had been unjustly executed, clearing her name and setting the stage for future sanctification.

Growing Veneration: Over the centuries, Joan’s legend grew, and she became a symbol of French nationalism and piety. Her veneration as a folk saint increased despite her not being officially recognized by the Church.

Formal Canonization Process: The formal process for her canonization began in 1903 under Pope Pius X. The process involves rigorous scrutiny of Joan’s life, her virtues, and the miracles attributed to her intercession.

Beatification (1909): Joan was beatified in 1909 by Pope Pius X after the Church officially recognized several miracles associated with her.

Canonization (1920): Joan was canonized as a saint by Pope Benedict XV on May 16, 1920. Her canonization was seen as a confirmation of her faith, her nationalistic fervor being interpreted as a divine inspiration, and her martyrdom as a testament to her sanctity.

Joan of Arc’s canonization was a significant event not only for the Catholic Church but also for the French nation, embodying themes of courage, faith, and patriotism. Her life and legacy continue to inspire people around the world and she remains a popular figure in religious, historical, and cultural contexts.